Multiple Sclerosis

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder that affects the central nervous system of the body. The disorder affects the communication of brain with other parts of the body. Its effects can range from being unnoticeable to devastating. It is believed that MS is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system starts acting against its own tissues. The disorder can affect a patient at any age; however, the potential age is between 20 to 40 years. As compared to men, women are more susceptible to Multiple sclerosis.

It still requires proof that multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease. While the disorder, the immune system destroys myelin - the fatty substance coating nerve fibres in the spinal cord and brain. The substance myelin can be said to be an insulation on electrical wires.

Symptoms

The symptoms of MS vary in great amount depending on the location of the damaged nerve fibres. Some of the symptoms that might occur are:

  • Weak or numb limbs.
  • Vision impairment, partial or complete loss of vision.
  • Blur or double vision.
  • Tingling sensation or ache in various parts of the body.
  • Sensations of electric shock in different parts occurring with some specific head movements.
  • Dizziness.
  • Weakness and fatigue.

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Causes

There is no exact cause of this disease. However, there are four factors that play a major role in rooting the disease:

  • Immunologic causes.
  • Genetic causes.
  • Environmental causes.
  • Viral causes.

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Risks

The primary risk factors for this disease include:

  • Stress.
  • Smoking.
  • Lack of sleep.
  • Infections.
  • Age.

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Prevention

To prevent it from happening, one should take care of the following things:

  • Cutting down on smoking.
  • Taking proper medication.
  • Consuming a healthy diet.
  • Maintaining physical fitness.

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How is it diagnosed?

At Medanta, our doctors will effectively carry out the diagnosis, which will be done by ruling out the other conditions that generate similar symptoms. The doctor will schedule a diagnosis based on...

How is it treated?

The treatment will focus on fighting with the autoimmune response and reducing the signs and symptoms associated. Some patients experience less symptoms as compared to others, and hence, no treatment is required for them.

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  • Medication

    Some medication like corticosteroids and plasma exchange medicines can be used to cater to symptoms.

  • Therapies

    The exercises like strengthening and stretching can combat symptoms and help perform daily activities with great ease.

  • Changes in lifestyle

    Bringing about some small changes in the lifestyle such as:

    • Eating a well-balanced diet.
    • Exercising on daily basis.
    • Staying connected with friends and family, and pursuing one’s hobbies.

When do I contact the doctor?

You should immediately see a doctor if you experiences a loss of vision, a feeling of weakness in the body, dizziness, and problems with memory. These are clear signs that you might have a multiple sclerosis. If there is a significant change in the symptoms you already have, consult a doctor immediately.

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How does Medanta provide care?

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Consult with experienced doctors

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