Most gynaecologists manage the full spectrum of women's health ranging from routine antenatal care, contraception, menstrual disorders and benign pelvic conditions to operative...
Most gynaecologists manage the full spectrum of women's health ranging from routine antenatal care, contraception, menstrual disorders and benign pelvic conditions to operative gynaecology for fibroids, cysts, and prolapse. Some also have substantive training in gynaecological oncology, the surgical management of cancers affecting the cervix, uterus, ovaries, vagina and vulva which requires not just surgical skill but specific exposure to radical pelvic surgery, oncological principles, and the multidisciplinary environment of a cancer treatment programme. These are not the same practice. A gynaecologist with oncology training occupies a different clinical position, and for women in Madhya Pradesh who have received a gynaecological cancer diagnosis, that distinction matters considerably.
Medanta Indore's Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics is led by doctors whose clinical scope spans gynaecological oncology (prevention, radical surgery and palliation) alongside advanced endoscopic gynaecological surgery, complex pelvic surgery, urogynaecology, high-risk obstetrics, endometriosis, and infertility. The department provides the full range of gynaecological and obstetric services within Medanta Indore's hospital framework with the support of the oncology, radiology, and critical care teams for complex cases.
Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent gynaecological malignancies in India and its prevention (through HPV vaccination and organised cervical screening) is an area where clinical intervention has a documented impact on incidence. Our doctors’ specific training in cervical cancer prevention reflects engagement with the epidemiological and public health dimensions of gynaecological oncology alongside the surgical.
Radical surgery for gynaecological cancers including radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and staging lymphadenectomy for uterine cancer, cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer and radical local excision for vulvar and vaginal malignancies constitutes the surgical core of gynaecological oncology practice.
Palliative management of advanced gynaecological cancers, ranging from symptom control to surgical palliation where appropriate, to coordination with palliative care is also within our scope.
Minimally invasive gynaecological surgery (laparoscopic and hysteroscopic approaches) has become the standard of care for the majority of benign gynaecological operations. Laparoscopic myomectomy for uterine fibroids, laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian cysts, laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis, and total laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign indications all avoid the recovery burden of open abdominal surgery.
Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial-type tissue grows outside the uterus, causing pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia and impaired fertility and is underdiagnosed. The average time from symptom onset to diagnosis in India exceeds several years in many cases. Surgical management through laparoscopy, in experienced hands, can substantially reduce symptom burden and improve fertility outcomes in selected patients. Urogynaecology including the assessment and management of pelvic floor dysfunction including urinary incontinence, prolapse & voiding disorders and complex pelvic surgery for ovarian masses, fibroids, and prolapse are also performed here.
High-risk pregnancy encompassing gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders including pre-eclampsia, multiple pregnancy, placenta praevia and accreta, previous uterine surgery including prior caesarean section, and pregnancies complicated by maternal medical conditions requires a different level of antenatal surveillance and planning than routine obstetric care. The management of a patient with pre-eclampsia, a previous caesarean section and a low-lying placenta is not simply more antenatal visits as it requires a doctor who understands the interactions between these conditions and the implications for both the timing and mode of delivery.
Infertility assessment and initial management included ovulation assessment, hysterosalpingography, laparoscopic evaluation for tubal and pelvic pathology and management of PCOD-related anovulation and endometriosis-related infertility falls within our clinical scope. Cases requiring assisted reproduction techniques are referred to a fertility specialist, but the diagnostic and laparoscopic phases of infertility management are handled within the department.
Dr. Namrata Kachhara holds an MS in Obstetrics and Gynaecology and an MBBS. Her postgraduate training has been substantially oriented toward the oncological and surgical dimensions of the specialty. She holds an International Cancer Technology Transfer Fellowship (ICRETT) from the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) which is awarded to doctors undertaking structured training in cancer management at an international centre. She has also completed a structured training programme in robotic radical pelvic surgery, a hands-on training programme in laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, a Diploma in Laparoscopic Surgery, coursework through the International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon on cervical cancer prevention, and a Certificate in Palliative Care. Her scope at Medanta Indore covers the full range of gynaecological and obstetric practice, with particular depth in gynaecological oncology, advanced minimally invasive surgery, and complex pelvic surgery.
I have been told I have an abnormal Pap smear result. What does this mean and what happens next?
An abnormal Pap smear indicates the presence of abnormal cells on the cervix and it does not mean cervical cancer. Pap smear results are reported using a classification system that ranges from normal through low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion to findings suspicious for malignancy. Most low-grade abnormalities resolve spontaneously and are managed with surveillance. High grade abnormalities (CIN2 or CIN3) require colposcopy, during which the cervix is examined under magnification and a targeted biopsy is taken. If the biopsy confirms high-grade disease, treatment (typically loop excision or cold coagulation) removes the abnormal tissue and is usually curative.
I have been diagnosed with ovarian cancer. What are my surgical options?
Ovarian cancer surgery depends on the stage of disease and the histological subtype. For early-stage disease confined to the ovary, surgery involves total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy and pelvic and para-aortic lymph node sampling to accurately stage the disease. For advanced ovarian cancer with peritoneal spread, the aim of surgery (where upfront surgery is feasible) is maximal cytoreduction: removal of all visible tumour deposits including from the peritoneal surfaces, the omentum, and other affected structures. The extent of cytoreduction achieved is one of the strongest predictors of survival in ovarian cancer. Where upfront surgery is not feasible due to disease extent or patient fitness, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is given first, followed by interval debulking surgery. This is a decision that is made jointly between the gynaecological oncologist, the medical oncologist, and the radiologist, based on imaging and, in some cases, diagnostic laparoscopy.
What is endometriosis and can it be definitively diagnosed without surgery?
Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial-type glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and most commonly on the ovaries, the peritoneal surface, and the recto-vaginal septum. It causes cyclical pelvic pain, painful periods, pain during intercourse, and in many patients, impaired fertility. The definitive diagnosis requires direct visualisation at laparoscopy with histological confirmation from biopsy and there is no blood test or imaging finding that can diagnose endometriosis with certainty, although MRI and ultrasound can suggest its presence in moderate to severe cases and guide surgical planning. Many patients with endometriosis have been symptomatic for years before the diagnosis is made, partly because the symptoms are attributed to normal menstruation and partly because diagnosis requires surgery. If your periods are significantly painful, if intercourse is painful, or if you have been trying to conceive without success, a gynaecological assessment is warranted.