5 Vital Signs to Monitor: Recognizing Paediatric Diseases in Your Child

As parents, our primary concern is the health and well-being of our children. Recognizing the signs of paediatric diseases early is essential for timely intervention and effective management. Monitoring vital signs can provide valuable insights into your child's health status.

According to a recent study by the American Academy of Paediatrics, 1 in 5 children with undiagnosed diseases display subtle changes in vital signs, highlighting the importance of monitoring and recognizing early symptoms.

 In this blog, we will discuss the importance of monitoring vital signs in children, common paediatric diseases and the five vital signs that parents should monitor in their children.

Understanding Paediatric Diseases and Conditions

A. Definition and Scope

Paediatric diseases and conditions refer to health issues that specifically affect infants, children, and adolescents. The field of paediatrics focuses on the unique medical needs of this age group. It is important to understand that children's bodies are still developing and require specialised medical care.

B. Common Paediatric Diseases

1. Respiratory Infections: Children frequently contract respiratory infections lіkе thе common cold, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Coughing, congestion, fеvеr, and breathіng problеms arе just a fеw of the symptoms that these infectіons can producе.
2. Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the digestive tract is a hallmark of gastroenteritis, also rеfеrred to as thе stomach flu. Dehydratіon, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea are some of the symptoms it produces.
3. Asthma: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterised by іnflammation and aіrway narrowіng. Wheezing, coughing, shortnеss of breath, and chеst tіghtness are typical symptoms.
4. Allergies: Allеrgies arе prеvalеnt in childrеn and can bе brought on by a variеty of allergеns, іncluding pollеn, dust mіtes, pеt dandеr, and spеcіfіc foods. Snеezing, itching, watery еyes, rashеs, or breathing problems arе just a few symptoms that may appеar.
5. Childhood Obesity: Childhood obesity has become a significant concern worldwide. It is linked to a higher risk of many illnesses, such as diabеtеs, heart disease, and joіnt problеms.

Importance of Monitoring Vital Signs

A. Definition of Vital Signs

Vital signs are measurable physiological indicators that provide valuable information about a person's overall health. In children, monitoring vital signs is particularly important as it can help identify potential health issues or changes in their paediatric condition.

5 Vital Signs to Monitor in Common Paediatric Diseases

Vital Signs 

A. Body Temperature

Body temperature can indicate the presence of fever, infection, or inflammation. Common methods for measuring body temperature include digital thermometers, tympanic (ear) thermometers, and temporal artery thermometers. It is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions for accurate readings. If your child's temperature exceeds the normal range for their age, consult a healthcare professional.

B. Heart Rate

Monitoring heart rate helps assess cardiovascular and respiratory health. To measure heart rate, find a pulse point such as the wrist or neck and count the number of beats in a minute. Abnormally high or low heart rates may indicate underlying conditions, and medical attention should be sought if you notice significant deviations from the normal range.

C. Respiratory Rate

Respiratory rate monitoring is crucial for detecting respiratory distress or disorders. Observe the rise and fall of your child's chest or abdomen and count the number of breaths per minute. Rapid or shallow breathing, retractions (visible sinking of the skin between ribs), or other signs of respiratory distress should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional.

D. Blood Pressure

Blood pressure measurement is an important indicator of cardiovascular health. While blood pressure measurements are commonly performed in healthcare settings, certain conditions may require home monitoring. If your child has a chronic illness or is at risk for cardiovascular problems, consult your healthcare provider about home blood pressure monitoring devices and proper techniques.

E. Oxygen Saturation

Oxygen saturation measures the amount of oxygen carried in the blood. A pulse oximeter is a non-invasive device that provides a percentage value for oxygen saturation. It clips onto a finger or toe and emits light to measure oxygen levels. Consult your healthcare provider regarding the appropriate oxygen saturation range for your child's specific condition.

Conclusion

Monitoring vital signs is a crucial aspect of recognizing paediatric diseases in your child. By regularly assessing body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation, parents can play an active role in promoting their child's health. 

However, it is important to remember that vital sign monitoring should be complemented by professional medical care and guidance. By staying vigilant and seeking medical attention when needed, parents can ensure their child's health and well-being, setting the foundation for a happy and healthy future.

If you notice any signs of paediatric disease in your child take them to a super-speciality hospital today!